The 22nd Australian Total Diet study, published by Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) in 2009, found significant iodine deficiencies across all age groups.
According to the study:
As a result, mandatory fortification of iodine in Australian bread commenced in September 2009.
"Insufficient iodine intake, particularly in groups such as pregnant women, babies, and young children, is of great concern," Parliamentary Secretary for Health and Ageing, Senator Jan McLucas said.
"Mild to moderate iodine deficiency can result in children having learning difficulties and can affect the development of motor skills and hearing. In extreme cases it can result in severe intellectual disability."
In 2009, about 43 per cent of Australians had an inadequate intake of iodine. FSANZ predicted that this will drop to no more than five per cent after iodine fortification of bread.
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