Most cases of croup are caused by viral infection which is transmitted by exposure to droplets spread by coughing and sneezing. The infection causes the larynx and/or trachea (windpipe) to swell and narrow, causing breathing difficulties. Children are more susceptible than adults since their airways are already very narrow.
If the infection results in mucus production, the airway may become even more clogged.
Most cases of croup can be treated at home, but if your child is having difficulty breathing, seek medical help immediately. Antibiotics are sometimes prescribed to treat the underlying infection. Consult your health care professional if Croup symptoms are accompanied by high fever.
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